Mastering the 22-Marker: The Essay Framework
For the Extended Response Question (ERQ), you need a balanced argument. Use the PEEL structure — Point, Evidence, Explanation, Link — but add Evaluation using the TEACUP framework.
The PEEL Structure
Point
State your argument clearly in one sentence. This is your topic sentence.
Evidence
Introduce a study. Include the researcher's name, aim, method, and key results.
Explanation
Explain how the evidence supports your point. Don't assume the examiner will make the connection.
Link
Link back to the essay question using key terms from the prompt.
The Critical Thinking Secret: TEACUP
To earn the 7 marks for critical thinking, evaluate your studies using one or more of these lenses:
Testability
Can the hypothesis be tested empirically?
Empirical Evidence
Is the claim supported by observable data?
Applicability
Can the findings be applied to real-world situations?
Construct Validity
Does the study actually measure what it claims to measure?
Unbiased (or Biased?)
Are there researcher or participant biases that affect the results?
Predictive Validity
Can the findings predict future behaviour?
Mark Breakdown (22 Marks)
| Component | Marks |
|---|---|
| Knowledge and Understanding | 9 |
| Application | 6 |
| Critical Thinking (TEACUP) | 7 |